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Kinetic energy of Spark
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<blockquote data-quote="Dronason" data-source="post: 15386" data-attributes="member: 553"><p>In another "Pilot Check In" thread (<a href="https://sparkpilots.zone/threads/hi-from-new-pilot-from-croatia.1909/" target="_blank">Hi from new pilot from Croatia</a>), an out of topic discussion started about the Kinetic energy of the Spark. In Croatia, it seems to be an active criteria for drone regulation. In some other countries like in Switzerland, it is discussed as a parameter for drone classification regarding potential risk of drone use.</p><p></p><p>At first, the question is what is the start hypothesis? </p><ol> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Free fall to ground due to a drone fault.</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ol">Hit at full speed due to a pilot error?</li> </ol><p>Case 1), free fall:</p><p>The first idea is a worst case scenario of a Spark hovering at a given altitude, falling down after a total loss of power. The Spark will reach ground at its terminal velocity. The potential energy at start is given by altitude and mass. This energy will be converted to kinetic energy by the gravity but a part of this energy will be loss due to air resistance. So in theory it is simple. The main question is the air resistance of the Spark. </p><p></p><p>Unfortunately the DJI assistant 2 simulator cannot be used to try to get such parameter as there is no way (CSC) to kill the motor and set it to free fall on request. The flight record during a simulation can be retrieved but it is not possible in the simulator to simulate a fatal power loss in the simulator.</p><p></p><p>Input parameters:</p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Altitude: h = 100 m (should be highest legal altitude)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Mass: m = 0.305 kg</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Air friction: f = 0.24</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Gravity: g = 9.81 m/s2</li> </ul><p>Calculations:</p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Potential energy: = m * g * h</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Velocity: = f (air friction), see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fall" target="_blank">Free fall - Wikipedia</a> (a case on its own)</li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Kinetic energy: = 1/2 * m * v^2</li> </ul><p>Case 2), hitting at fully speed, a more easy case.</p><ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Here it is simple, Energy = 1/2 x mass x velocity ^2</li> </ul><p></p><p>I made a google sheet available <a href="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TuxJIqMmaKz8vJmXl9ka1L82pY-OSQIhWoVyzbWUieM/edit?usp=sharing" target="_blank">HERE</a>. Let me know for correction to it. </p><p>It is based on official specifications from DJI.</p><p></p><p>The worst case is expected to be the free fall case and the height should be take as the highest legal height. This is typically > 100 J for Spark, so no a negligible case but currently <strong>there is no proven model case about the air friction of Spark falling down. So there is no current really know kinetic energy for the Spark for free falling case. </strong>The collision worst case is 29 J but the free fall worst case is currently higher.</p><p></p><p>It is really just a thought on this subect, comments and corrections are really welcome.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Dronason, post: 15386, member: 553"] In another "Pilot Check In" thread ([URL="https://sparkpilots.zone/threads/hi-from-new-pilot-from-croatia.1909/"]Hi from new pilot from Croatia[/URL]), an out of topic discussion started about the Kinetic energy of the Spark. In Croatia, it seems to be an active criteria for drone regulation. In some other countries like in Switzerland, it is discussed as a parameter for drone classification regarding potential risk of drone use. At first, the question is what is the start hypothesis? [LIST=1] [*]Free fall to ground due to a drone fault. [*]Hit at full speed due to a pilot error? [/LIST] Case 1), free fall: The first idea is a worst case scenario of a Spark hovering at a given altitude, falling down after a total loss of power. The Spark will reach ground at its terminal velocity. The potential energy at start is given by altitude and mass. This energy will be converted to kinetic energy by the gravity but a part of this energy will be loss due to air resistance. So in theory it is simple. The main question is the air resistance of the Spark. Unfortunately the DJI assistant 2 simulator cannot be used to try to get such parameter as there is no way (CSC) to kill the motor and set it to free fall on request. The flight record during a simulation can be retrieved but it is not possible in the simulator to simulate a fatal power loss in the simulator. Input parameters: [LIST] [*]Altitude: h = 100 m (should be highest legal altitude) [*]Mass: m = 0.305 kg [*]Air friction: f = 0.24 [*]Gravity: g = 9.81 m/s2 [/LIST] Calculations: [LIST] [*]Potential energy: = m * g * h [*]Velocity: = f (air friction), see [URL="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_fall"]Free fall - Wikipedia[/URL] (a case on its own) [*]Kinetic energy: = 1/2 * m * v^2 [/LIST] Case 2), hitting at fully speed, a more easy case. [LIST] [*]Here it is simple, Energy = 1/2 x mass x velocity ^2 [/LIST] I made a google sheet available [URL='https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TuxJIqMmaKz8vJmXl9ka1L82pY-OSQIhWoVyzbWUieM/edit?usp=sharing']HERE[/URL]. Let me know for correction to it. It is based on official specifications from DJI. The worst case is expected to be the free fall case and the height should be take as the highest legal height. This is typically > 100 J for Spark, so no a negligible case but currently [B]there is no proven model case about the air friction of Spark falling down. So there is no current really know kinetic energy for the Spark for free falling case. [/B]The collision worst case is 29 J but the free fall worst case is currently higher. It is really just a thought on this subect, comments and corrections are really welcome. [/QUOTE]
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